* "Saudi Arabia's war between god and archaeology" (2011-02-12) [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/saudiarabia/8303974/Analysis-Saudi-Arabias-war-between-god-and-archaeology.html] [https://archive.today/a5Z3D]
* "Distorting the story of Syria’s Heritage destruction" (2015-0) [http://www.crescent-online.net/2015/02/distorting-the-story-of-syrias-heritage-destruction-eva-bartlett-4815-articles.html] [https://archive.today/68wdU]
The name "Land of the Horses" is the most ancient of names for the land today called 'Arabia':
* "Rare artifacts excavated in Kingdom’s Al-Maqar area" [https://web.archive.org/web/20110824154818/http://arabnews.com/saudiarabia/article492860.ece] [https://archive.today/47Iqg]
"Is The Kaaba (Baytu l-‘Atīq) An Ancient Hindu Temple?"
By P.N. Oak (Historian)
[Note: A recent archeological find in Kuwait unearthed a gold-plated statue of the Hindu deity Ganesh. A Muslim resident of Kuwait requested historical research material that can help explain the connection between Hindu civilisation and Arabia.]
---
Glancing through some research material recently, I was pleasantly surprised to come across a reference to a King Vikramaditya inscription found in the Kaaba in Mecca proving beyond doubt that the Arabian Peninsula formed a part of his Indian Empire.
The text of the crucial Vikramaditya inscription, found inscribed on a gold dish hung inside the Kaaba shrine in Mecca, is found recorded on page 315 of a volume known as ‘Sayar-ul-Okul’ treasured in the Makhtab-e-Sultania library in Istanbul, Turkey. Rendered in free English the inscription says: “Fortunate are those who were born (and lived) during king Vikram’s reign. He was a noble, generous dutiful ruler, devoted to the welfare of his subjects. But at that time we Arabs, oblivious of God, were lost in sensual pleasures. Plotting and torture were rampant. The darkness of ignorance had enveloped our country. Like the lamb struggling for her life in the cruel paws of a wolf we Arabs were caught up in ignorance. The entire country was enveloped in a darkness so intense as on a new moon night. But the present dawn and pleasant sunshine of education is the result of the favour of the noble king Vikramaditya whose benevolent supervision did not lose sight of us – foreigners as we were. He spread his sacred religion amongst us and sent scholars whose brilliance shone like that of the sun from his country to ours. These scholars and preceptors through whose benevolence we were once again made cognisant of the presence of God, introduced to His sacred existence and put on the road of Truth, had come to our country to preach their religion and impart education at king Vikramaditya’s behest.”
For those who would like to read the Arabic wording I reproduce it hereunder in Roman script:
“Itrashaphai Santu Ibikramatul Phahalameen Karimun Yartapheeha Wayosassaru Bihillahaya Samaini Ela Motakabberen Sihillaha Yuhee Quid min howa Yapakhara phajjal asari nahone osirom bayjayhalem. Yundan blabin Kajan blnaya khtoryaha sadunya kanateph netephi bejehalin Atadari bilamasa- rateen phakef tasabuhu kaunnieja majekaralhada walador. As hmiman burukankad toluho watastaru hihila Yakajibaymana balay kulk amarena phaneya jaunabilamary Bikramatum”.
(Page 315 Sayar-ul-okul). [Note: The title ‘Saya-ul-okul’ signifies memorable words.]
The destruction of idols at the Kaaba. Muhammad (top left and mounted at right) is represented as a flaming aureole. From Hamla-i haydarî (“Haydar’s Battle”), Kashmir, 1808. Published in "L'Histoire Merveilleuse en Vers de Mahomet".
The Hindu Empire Extended into Arabia -
A careful analysis of the Vikramaditya inscription enables us to draw the following conclusions:
1. That the ancient Indian empires may have extended up to the eastern boundaries of Arabia until Vikramaditya and that it was he who for the first time conquered Arabia. Because the inscription says that king Vikram who dispelled the darkness of ignorance from Arabia.
2. That, whatever their earlier faith, King Vikrama’s preachers had succeeded in spreading the Vedic (based on the Vedas, the Hindu sacred scriptures)) way of life in Arabia.
3. That the knowledge of Indian arts and sciences was imparted by Indians to the Arabs directly by founding schools, academies and cultural centres. The belief, therefore, that visiting Arabs conveyed that knowledge to their own lands through their own indefatigable efforts and scholarship is unfounded.
An ancillary conclusion could be that the so-called Kutub Minar (in Delhi, India) could well be king Vikramadiya’s tower commemorating his conquest of Arabia. This conclusion is strengthened by two pointers. Firstly, the inscription on the iron pillar near the so-called Kutub Minar refers to the marriage of the victorious king Vikramaditya to the princess of Balhika. This Balhika is none other than the Balkh region in West Asia. It could be that Arabia was wrestled by king Vikramaditya from the ruler of Balkh who concluded a treaty by giving his daughter in marriage to the victor. Secondly, the township adjoining the so called Kutub Minar is named Mehrauli after Mihira who was the renowned astronomer-mathematician of king Vikram’s court. Mehrauli is the corrupt form of Sanskrit ‘Mihira-Awali’ signifying a row of houses raised for Mihira and his helpers and assistants working on astronomical observations made from the tower.
Having seen the far reaching and history shaking implications of the Arabic inscription concerning king Vikrama, we shall now piece together the story of its find. How it came to be recorded and hung in the Kaaba in Mecca. What are the other proofs reinforcing the belief that Arabs were once followers of the Indian Vedic way of life and that tranquillity and education were ushered into Arabia by king Vikramaditya’s scholars, educationists from an uneasy period of “ignorance and turmoil” mentioned in the inscription.
The Famous Library Proves Ancient Shrine in Mecca Pre-Islam -
In Istanbul, Turkey, there is a famous library called Makhatab-e-Sultania, which is reputed to have the largest collection of ancient West Asian literature. In the Arabic section of that library is an anthology of ancient Arabic poetry. That anthology was compiled from an earlier work in A.D. 1742 under the orders of the Turkish ruler Sultan Salim.
The pages of that volume are of Hareer – a kind of silk used for writing on. Each page has a decorative gilded border. That anthology is known as Sayar-ul-Okul. It is divided into three parts. The first part contains biographic details and the poetic compositions of pre-Islamic Arabian poets. The second part embodies accounts and verses of poets of the period beginning just after prophet Mohammad’s times, up to the end of the Banee-Um-Mayya dynasty. The third part deals with later poets up to the end of Khalif Harun-al-Rashid’s times.
Abu Amir Asamai, an Arabian bard who was the poet Laureate of Harun-al-Rashid’s court, has compiled and edited the anthology.
The first modern edition of ‘Sayar-ul-Okul’ was printed and published in Berlin in 1864. A subsequent edition is the one published in Beirut in 1932.
The collection is regarded as the most important and authoritative anthology of ancient Arabic poetry. It throws considerable light on the social life, customs, manners and entertainment modes of ancient Arabia. The book also contains an elaborate description of the ancient shrine of Mecca, the town and the annual fair known as OKAJ which used to be held every year around the Kaaba temple in Mecca. This should convince readers that the annual haj of the Muslims to the Kaaba is of earlier pre-Islamic congregation.
The black stone (الحجر الأسود al-Ḥajar al-Aswad) and its frame resembles the Yoni (vagina) part of the Hindu Shiva Linga cannot be ignored. Hinduism extended far beyond India at the time of warlord Muhammad. Hinduism was referred to as a pagan faith and was likely active in a multi-faith region before it was Islamized through violence and occupation. In old Indian literature Hinduism is referred to as a “pagan” practice.
Cross section of the Kaaba with the black stone positioned in the corner, supported in a vagina shaped frame.
.
The Hindu Rituals Used in Islam -
Pre-Islam OKAJ Fair in Mecca – a Shiva Temple:
But the OKAJ fair was far from a carnival. It provided a forum for the elite and the learned to discuss the social, religious, political, literary and other aspects of the Vedic culture then pervading Arabia. ‘Sayar-ul-Okul’ asserts that the conclusion reached at those discussions were widely respected throughout Arabia. Mecca, therefore, followed the Varanasi tradition (of India) of providing a venue for important discussions among the learned while the masses congregated there for spiritual bliss. The principal shrines at both Varanasi in India and at Mecca in Arvasthan (Arabia) were Siva temples. Even to this day ancient Mahadev (Siva) emblems can be seen. It is the Shankara (Siva) stone that Muslim pilgrims reverently touch and kiss in the Kaaba.
Arabic tradition has lost trace of the founding of the Kaaba temple. The discovery of the Vikramaditya inscription affords a clue. King Vikramaditya is known for his great devotion to Lord Mahadev (Siva). At Ujjain (India), the capital of Vikramaditya, exists the famous shrine of Mahankal, i.e., of Lord Shankara (Siva) associated with Vikramaditya. Since according to the Vikramaditya inscription he spread the Vedic religion, who else but he could have founded the Kaaba temple in Mecca?
Traces of Hindu Rituals in Muslim Hajj:
A few miles away from Mecca is a big signboard which bars the entry of any non-Muslim into the area. This is a reminder of the days when the Kaaba was stormed and captured solely for the newly established faith of Islam. The object in barring entry of non-Muslims was obviously to prevent its recapture.
As the pilgrim proceeds towards Mecca he is asked to shave his head and beard and to don special sacred attire that consists of two seamless sheets of white cloth. One is to be worn round the waist and the other over the shoulders. Both these rites are remnants of the old Vedic practice of entering Hindu temples clean- and with holy seamless white sheets.
The main shrine in Mecca, which houses the Siva emblem, is known as the Kaaba. It is clothed in a black shroud. That custom also originates from the days when it was thought necessary to discourage its recapture by camouflaging it.
360 Hindu Deities in Kaaba:
According to the Encyclopaedia Britannica, the Kaaba has 360 images. Traditional accounts mention that one of the deities among the 360 destroyed when the place was stormed, was that of Saturn; another was of the Moon and yet another was one called Allah. That shows that in the Kaaba the Arabs worshipped the nine planets in pre-Islamic days. In India the practice of ‘Navagraha’ puja, that is worship of the nine planets, is still in vogue. Two of these nine are Saturn and Moon.
In India the crescent moon is always painted across the forehead of the Siva symbol. Since that symbol was associated with the Siva emblem in Kaaba it came to be grafted on the flag of Islam.
Hindu Circulation Around Ancient Kaaba Adopted by Muslim Occupiers:
Another Hindu tradition associated with the Kaaba is that of the sacred stream Ganga (sacred waters of the Ganges river). According to the Hindu tradition Ganga is also inseparable from the Shiva emblem as the crescent moon. Wherever there is a Siva emblem, Ganga must co-exist. True to that association a sacred fount exists near the Kaaba. Its water is held sacred because it has been traditionally regarded as Ganga since pre-Islamic times (Zam-Zam water).
[Note: Even today, Muslim pilgrims who go to the Kaaba for Haj regard this Zam-Zam water with reverence and take some bottled water with them as sacred water.]
Muslim pilgrims visiting the Kaaba temple go around it seven times. In no other mosque does the circumambulation prevail. Hindus invariably circumambulate around their deities. This is yet another proof that the Kaaba shrine is a pre-Islamic Indian Shiva temple where the Hindu practice of circumambulation is still meticulously observed.
The practice of taking seven steps- known as Saptapadi in Sanskrit- is associated with Hindu marriage ceremony and fire worship. The culminating rite in a Hindu marriage enjoins upon the bride and groom to go round the sacred fire four times (but misunderstood by many as seven times). Since “Makha” means fire, the seven circumambulations also prove that Mecca was the seat of Indian fire-worship in the West Asia.
‘Allah’ Adopted and Misinterpreted from Sanskrit -
It might come as a stunning revelation to many that the word ‘ALLAH’ itself is Sanskrit. In Sanskrit language Allah, Akka and Amba are synonyms. They signify a goddess or mother. The term ‘ALLAH’ forms part of Sanskrit chants invoking goddess Durga, also known as Bhavani, Chandi and Mahishasurmardini. The Islamic word for God is., therefore, not an innovation but the ancient Sanskrit appellation retained and continued by Islam. Allah means mother or goddess and mother goddess.
Quran Contains Looted Extracts from the Vedas -
One Koranic verse is an exact translation of a stanza in the Yajurveda. This was pointed out by the great research scholar Pandit Satavlekar of Pardi in one of his articles.
[Note: Another scholar points out that the following teaching from the Koran is exactly similar to the teaching of the Kena Upanishad (1.7).
The Koran: “Sight perceives Him not. But He perceives men’s sights; for He is the knower of secrets, the Aware.”
Kena Upanishad: “That which cannot be seen by the eye but through which the eye itself sees, know That to be Brahman (God) and not what people worship here (in the manifested world).”
A simplified meaning of both the above verses reads: God is one and that He is beyond man’s sensory experience.
The identity of Unani and Ayurvedic systems shows that Unani is just the Arabic term for the Ayurvedic system of healing taught to them and administered in Arabia when Arabia formed part of the Indian empire.
It will now be easy to comprehend the various Hindu customs still prevailing in West Asian countries even after the existence of Islam during the last 1300 years. Let us review some Hindu traditions which exist as the core of Islamic practice.
Islamic Calendar Originates from Hinduism -
The Muslim Adoptation of Hindu Rituals:
The Hindus have a pantheon of 33 gods. People in Asia Minor too worshiped 33 gods before the spread of Islam. The lunar calendar was introduced in West Asia during the Indian rule. The Muslim month ‘Safar’ signifying the ‘extra’ month (Adhik Maas) in the Hindu calendar. The Muslim month Rabi is the corrupt form of Ravi meaning the sun because Sanskrit ‘V’ changes into Prakrit ‘B’ (Prakrit being the popular version of Sanskrit language). The Muslim sanctity for Gyrahwi Sharif is nothing but the Hindu Ekadashi (Gyrah = elevan or Gyaarah). Both are identical in meaning.
Eid = Go-Medh [gom-edh]:
The Islamic practice of Bakari Eed derives from the Go-Medh and Ashva-Medh Yagnas or sacrifices of Vedic times. Eed in Sanskrit means worship. The Islamic word Eed for festive days, signifying days of worship, is therefore a pure Sanskrit word. The word MESH in the Hindu zodiac signifies a lamb. Since in ancient times the year used to begin with the entry of the sun in Aries, the occasion was celebrated with mutton feasting. That is the origin of the Bakari Eed festival.
[Note: The word Bakari is an Indian language word for a goat. Muslims sacrifice goats during Eid]
Namaz = Nama:
Since Eed means worship and Griha means ‘house’, the Islamic word Idgah signifies a ‘House of worship’ which is the exact Sanskrit connotation of the term. Similarly the word ‘Namaz’ derives from two Sanskrit roots ‘Nama’ and ‘Yajna’ (NAMa yAJna) meaning bowing and worshipping.
Vedic descriptions about the moon, the different stellar constellations and the creation of the universe have been incorporated from the Vedas in Koran part 1 chapter 2, stanza 113, 114, 115, and 158, 189, chapter 9, stanza 37 and chapter 10, stanzas 4 to 7.
Recital of the Namaz (Nama-smaranam in Hindi) five times a day owes its origin to the Vedic injunction of Panchmahayagna (five daily worship- Panch-Maha-Yagna) which is part of the daily Vedic ritual prescribed for all individuals.
Muslims are enjoined cleanliness of five parts of the body before commencing prayers. This derives from the Vedic injuction ‘Shareer Shydhyartham Panchanga Nyasah’.
Four Sacred Months in Islam = Chaturmasa:
1st month = Muharram محرّم (or Muḥarram al Ḥaram)
7th month = Rajab رجب (or Rajab al Murajab)
11th month = Dhu al-Qi’dah ذو القعدة
12th month = Dhu al-Hijjah
Four months of the year are regarded as very sacred in Islamic custom. The devout are enjoined to abstain from plunder and other evil deeds during that period. This originates in the Chaturmasa i.e., the four-month period of special vows and austerities in Hindu tradition. Shabibarat is the corrupt form of Shiva Vrat and Shiva Ratra. Since the Kaaba has been an important centre of Shiva (Siva) worship from times immemorial, the Shivaratri festival used to be celebrated there with great gusto. It is that festival which is signified by the Islamic word Shabibarat.
Sanskrit Inscriptions Inside the Kaaba -
Encyclopaedia tell us that there are inscriptions on the side of the Kaaba walls. What they are, no body has been allowed to study, according to the correspondence I had with an American scholar of Arabic. But according to hearsay at least some of those inscriptions are in Sanskrit, and some of them are stanzas from the Bhagavad Gita.
According to extant Islamic records, Indian merchants had settled in Arabia, particularly in Yemen, and their life and manners deeply influenced those who came in touch with them. At Ubla there was a large number of Indian settlements. This shows that Indians were in Arabia and Yemen in sufficient strength and commanding position to be able to influence the local people. This could not be possible unless they belonged to the ruling class.
It is mentioned in the Abadis i.e., the authentic traditions of Prophet Mohammad compiled by Imam Bukhari that the Indian tribe of Jats [Jains] had settled in Arabia before Prophet Mohammad’s times. Once when Hazrat Ayesha, wife of the Prophet, was taken ill, her nephew sent for a Jat physician for her treatment. This proves that Indians enjoyed a high and esteemed status in Arabia. Such a status could not be theirs unless they were the rulers. Bukhari also tells us that an Indian Raja (King) sent a jar of ginger pickles to the Prophet. This shows that the Indian Jat Raja ruled an adjacent area so as to be in a position to send such an insignificant present as ginger pickles. The Prophet is said to have so highly relished it as to have told his colleagues also to partake of it. These references show that even during Prophet Mohammad’s times Indians retained their influential role in Arabia, which was a dwindling legacy from Vikramaditya’s times.
Eed-ul-Fitr = Pitr-Paksha -
The Islamic term ‘Eed-ul-Fitr’ derives from the ‘Eed of Piters’ that is worship of forefathers in Sanskrit tradition. In India, Hindus commemorate their ancestors during the Pitr-Paksha that is the fortnight reserved for their remembrance. The very same is the significance of ‘Eed-ul-Fitr’ (worship of forefathers).
The Islamic practice of observing the moon rise before deciding on celebrating the occasion derives from the Hindu custom of breaking fast on Sankranti and Vinayaki Chaturthi only after sighting the moon.
Barah Vafat, the Muslim festival for commemorating those dead in battle or by weapons, derives from a similar Sanskrit tradition because in Sanskrit ‘Phiphaut’ is ‘death’. Hindus observe Chayal Chaturdashi in memory of those who have died in battle.
Arabia = Arabasthan, Land of Horses -
The word Arabia is itself the abbreviation of a Sanskrit word. The original word is ‘Arabasthan’. Since Prakrit ‘B’ is Sanskrit ‘V’ the original Sanskrit name of the land is ‘Arvasthan’. ‘Arva’ in Sanskrit means a horse. Arvasthan signifies a land of horses., and as well all know, Arabia is famous for its horses.
This discovery changes the entire complexion of the history of ancient India. Firstly we may have to revise our concepts about the king who had the largest empire in history. It could be that the expanse of king Vikramaditya’s empire was greater than that of all others. Secondly, the idea that the Indian empire spread only to the east and not in the west beyond say, Afghanisthan may have to be abandoned. Thirdly the effeminate and pathetic belief that India, unlike any other country in the world could by some age spread her benign and beatific cultural influence, language, customs, manners and education over distant lands without militarily conquering them is baseless. India did conquer all those countries physically wherever traces of its culture and language are still extant and the region extended from Bali island in the south Pacific to the Baltic in Northern Europe and from Korea to Kaaba. The only difference was that while Indian rulers identified themselves with the local population and established welfare states, Moghuls and others who ruled conquered lands perpetuated untold atrocities over the vanquished.
‘Sayar-ul-Okul’ tells us that a pan-Arabic poetic symposium used to be held in Mecca at the annual Okaj fair in pre-Islamic times. All leading poets used to participate in it.
Poetry in Arab Tradition Originates from Indian Tradition -
Poems considered best were awarded prizes. The best-engraved on gold plate were hung inside the temple. Others etched on camel or goatskin were hung outside. Thus for thousands of years the Kaaba was the treasure house of the best Arabian poetic thought inspired by the Indian Vedic tradition.
That tradition being of immemorial antiquity many poetic compositions were engraved and hung inside and outside on the walls of the Kaaba. But most of the poems got lost and destroyed during the storming of the Kaaba by Prophet Mohammad’s troops. The Prophet’s court poet, Hassan-bin-Sawik, who was among the invaders, captured some of the treasured poems and dumped the gold plate on which they were inscribed in his own home. Sawik’s grandson, hoping to earn a reward carried those gold plates to Khalif’s court where he met the well-known Arab scholar Abu Amir Asamai. The latter received from the bearer five gold plates and 16 leather sheets with the prize-winning poems engraved on them. The bearer was sent away happy bestowed with a good reward.
On the five gold plates were inscribed verses by ancient Arab poets like Labi Baynay, Akhatab-bin-Turfa and Jarrham Bintoi. That discovery made Harun-al-Rashid order Abu Amir to compile a collection of all earlier compositions. One of the compositions in the collection is a tribute in verse paid by Jarrham Bintoi, a renowned Arab poet, to king Vikramaditya. Bintoi who lived 165 years before Prophet Mohammad had received the highest award for the best poetic compositions for three years in succession in the pan-Arabic symposiums held in Mecca every year. All those three poems of Bintoi adjudged best were hung inside the Kaaba temple, inscribed on gold plates. One of these constituted an unreserved tribute to King Vikramaditya for his paternal and filial rule over Arabia. That has already been quoted above.
Pre-Islamic Arabian poet Bintoi’s tribute to king Vikramaditya is a decisive evidence that it was king Vikramaditya who first conquered the Arabian Peninsula and made it a part of the Indian Empire. This explains why starting from India towards the west we have all Sanskrit names like Afghanisthan (now Afghanistan), Baluchisthan, Kurdisthan, Tajikiathan, Uzbekisthan, Iran, Sivisthan, Iraq, Arvasthan, Turkesthan (Turkmenisthan) etc.
Historians have blundered in not giving due weight to the evidence provided by Sanskrit names pervading over the entire west Asian region. Let us take a contemporary instance. Why did a part of India get named Nagaland even after the end of British rule over India? After all historical traces are wiped out of human memory, will a future age historian be wrong if he concludes from the name Nagaland that the British or some English speaking power must have ruled over India? Why is Portuguese spoken in Goa (part of India), and French in Pondichery (part of India), and both French and English in Canada? Is it not because those people ruled over the territories where their languages are spoken? Can we not then justly conclude that wherever traces of Sanskrit names and traditions exist Indians once held sway? It is unfortunate that this important piece of decisive evidence has been ignored all these centuries.
Another question which should have presented itself to historians for consideration is how could it be that Indian empires could extend in the east as far as Korea and Japan, while not being able to make headway beyond Afghanisthan? In fact land campaigns are much easier to conduct than by sea. It was the Indians who ruled the entire West Asian region from Karachi to Hedjaz and who gave Sanskrit names to those lands and the towns therein, introduce their pantheon of the fire-worship, imparted education and established law and order.
Pre-Islamic Arabia – the Empire of King Vikramaditya -
It may be that Arabia itself was not part of the Indian empire until king Vikrama , since Bintoi says that it was king Vikrama who for the first time brought about a radical change in the social, cultural and political life of Arabia. It may be that the whole of West Asia except Arabia was under Indian rule before Vikrama. The latter added Arabia too to the Indian Empire. Or as a remote possibility it could be that king Vikramaditya himself conducted a series of brilliant campaigns annexing to his empire the vast region between Afghanisthan and Hedjaz.
Incidentally this also explains why king Vikramaditya is so famous in history. Apart from the nobility and truthfulness of heart and his impartial filial affection for all his subjects, whether Indian or Arab, as testified by Bintoi, king Vikramaditya has been permanently enshrined in the pages of history because he was the world’s greatest ruler having the largest empire. It should be remembered that only a monarch with a vast empire gets famous in world history. Vikram Samvat (calendar still widely in use in India today) which he initiated over 2000 years ago may well mark his victory over Arabia, and the so called Kutub Minar (Kutub Tower in Delhi), a pillar commemorating that victory and the consequential marriage with the Vaihika (Balkh) princess as testified by the nearby iron pillar inscription.
A great many puzzles of ancient world history get automatically solved by a proper understanding of these great conquests of king Vikramaditya. As recorded by the Arab poet Bintoi, Indian scholars, preachers and social workers spread the fire-worship ceremony, preached the Vedic way of life, manned schools, set up Ayurvedic (healing) centres, trained the local people in irrigation and agriculture and established in those regions a democratic, orderly, peaceful, enlightened and religious way of life. That was of course, a Vedic Hindu way of life.
It is from such ancient times that Indian Kshtriya royal families, like the Pahalvis and Barmaks, have held sway over Iran and Iraq. It is those conquests, which made the Parsees Agnihotris i.e., fire-worshippers. It is therefore that we find the Kurds of Kurdisthan speaking a Sanskritised dialect, fire temples existing thousands of miles away from India, and scores of sites of ancient Indian cultural centres like Navbahar in West Asia and the numerous viharas in Soviet Russia spread throughout the world. Ever since so many viharas are often dug up in Soviet Russia, ancient Indian sculptures are also found in excavations in Central Asia. The same goes for West Asia.
[Note: Ancient Indian sculptures include metal statues of the Hindu deity Ganesh (the elephant headed god); the most recent find being in Kuwait].
Unfortunately these chapters of world history have been almost obliterated from public memory. They need to be carefully deciphered and rewritten. When these chapters are rewritten they might change the entire concept and orientation of ancient history.
In view of the overwhelming evidence led above, historians, scholars, students of history and lay men alike should take note that they had better revise their text books of ancient world history. The existence of Hindu customs, shrines, Sanskrit names of whole regions, countries and towns and the Vikramaditya inscriptions reproduced at the beginning are a thumping proof that Indian Kshatriyas once ruled over the vast region from Bali to Baltic and Korea to Kaaba in Mecca, Arabia at the very least.
P.N. Oak
* Born March 2 1917, Indore , India
* A co worker of Netaji Subash Chandra Bose
* A Director and commentator at Free India Radio, Saigon
* Worked as editor in the American Embassy's Information Service
* In June 1964 he founded The Institute for Rewriting India History
The author, P.N. Oak is the founder-president of the Institute for Rewriting Indian history. His latest finding is that in pre-Christian times Vedic culture and Sanskrit language held full sway throughout the world.P.N. Oak was born in a Maharashtrian Brahmin Family in which his father talked to him only in Sanskrit, mother only in English, relations in Marathi and town-folk in Hindi. That gave him fluency in those four languages from childhood.
After obtaining his B.A. degree from Agra University and completing M.A. LL.B courses of the Bombay University, Oak worked for a year as Tutor in English at the Fergusson College Pune, and later having joined the army was posted to Singapore at the age of 24.There, after the British surrender, Oak was one of the organizers of the Indian National Army, a director and commentator at the Free India Radio, Saigon, and later a co-worker of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose. After the end of World War II, Oak hitchhiked from Singapore to Calcutta across the border jungles of several countries.
From 1947 to 1974 his profession has been mainly journalism having worked on the editorial staffs of the Hindustan Times and the Statesman, as a Class I officer in the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India, and as editor in the American Embassy's Information Service, all in New Delhi.
Around 1959, Oak developed a curious new insight into history, which led him to some stunning discoveries as a result of his absorbing hobby of visiting historic sites. He then founded (June 14, 1964) the Institute for Rewriting Indian History and wrote several books
Oak's historical acumen led him to discover further that even world history has gone wrong. His discoveries have therefore, out-grown the name and scope of the Institute for Rewriting Indian History.
Having discovered that from time immemorial up to the Mahabharat War, Vedic culture and Sanskrit pervaded the whole world. Oak is keen to find a World Vedic Heritage University to educate the world in the primordial Vedic unity of all humanity.
To that end he invites correspondence from all those willing to help.
Also by the author:
"Was the Taj Mahal Originally a Temple to the Hindu God Lord Shiva?" [https://web.archive.org/web/20020612202959/http://home.freeuk.com/tajmahal/index.htm]
[end of article]
* Refutation of the article by a devout Muslim [https://web.archive.org/web/20061123165903/http://www.newagegod.com/LAFFmedia/oaksblas.htm]
[Following collected from various sources]
Kaaba, a name originating from the Tamil language?
The word Kabaa may originate from Tamil and the word Kabaalishwaran. Tamil is considered one of the oldest languages of the world. Dravidian’s worshiped Lord Shiva as their Primal Deity – from the Indus valley civilization. Shiva Temple’s in South India are called as Kabaalishwaran temple’s. Kabaali, therefore – refer to Lord Shiva.
HERE IS WHAT THE COLUMBIA ENCYLOPEDIA SAYS:
[Sixth Edition - 2001]
"Kaaba or Caaba' (both: kä´b or kä´b) (KEY) [Arab.,=cube], the central, cubic, stone structure, covered by a black cloth, within the Great Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. The sacred nature of the site predates Islam: tradition says that the Kaaba was built by Adam and rebuilt by Abraham and the descendants of Noah. Also known as the House of God, it is the center of the circumambulations performed during the hajj, and it is toward the Kaaba that Muslims face in their prayers (see liturgy, Islamic). Pre-Islamic Meccans used it as a central shrine housing their many idols, most notable of which were al-Lat, al-Uzza, and Manat, collectively known as al-Gharaniq or the Daughters of God, and Hubal, a martial deity. The Black Stone, possibly of meteoric origin, is located at one of its outside corners. Also dating from pre-Islamic times as a heavenly relic, this stone is venerated and ritually kissed. Worn hollow by the centuries of veneration, the stone is held together by a wide silver band. The actual structure of the Kaaba has been demolished and rebuilt several times in the course of its history. Around the Kaaba is a restricted area, haram, extending in some directions as far as 12 mi, into which only Muslims may enter."
[end of encyclopedia entry]
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The following explanation is reproduced from the Sword of Truth archives.
Quran’s Magic Number 786 – a Corrupt Backward Spelling of Vedic ‘AUM’ -
All Arabic copies of the Koran have the mysterious figure 786 imprinted on them. No Arabic scholar has been able to determine the choice of this particular number as divine. It is an established fact that Muhammad was illiterate therefore it is obvious that he would not be able to differentiate numbers from letters. This “magical” number is none other than the Vedic holy letter “OM” written in Sanskrit (Refer to figure 2). Anyone who knows Sanskrit can try reading the symbol for “OM” backwards in the Arabic way and magically the numbers 786 will appear! Muslims in their ignorance simply do not realise that this special number is nothing more than the holiest of Vedic symbols misread.
The “sacred” Islamic numbers 786 is merely an Arab misinterpretation of Devnagari spelling of Aum: Read from right to left this figure of OM represents the numbers 786. Look at this symbol of Om in a mirror and you can make out the Devnagari (Sanskrit-Hindi) numerals 7-8-6.
Pundit: A photo taken in the 1860s by an unknown photographer, from the Archaeological Survey of India Collections. A Pundit, or Hindu Brahmin priest, is seen sitting cross legged reading Vedic texts from palm leaves, dressed in white. The white is a symbol for purity and religious observance.
Imitation: Muslim men during Hajj, dressed in white (ihram) exactly as traditional Hindu priests. White indicates purity and religious observance like in Hinduism.
Muslims climbing the Mount Of Arafaat, or Mount of Mercy, where ‘prophet’ Mohammed is said to have delivered his ‘last sermon’. But Mohammed was a man of war, not a man of sermons. This is an imitation from Christianity and Christian traditions.
Ritual worship : Before daybreak on the 10th during Hajj in Mecca Muslim pilgrims return to Mina where they throw 7 stones at 3 pillars. The pillars represent “the Great Devil”, Satan, and the ritual called “Jamarat” is connected to the life of Abraham.
This ritual appears to be imitated from Absalom’s shrine in the Kidron Valley in Jerusalem from the monument of Absalom (resembling a pillar). Absalom was the rebellious son of King David, based on a verse in the Book of Samuel. So the Islamic Abraham is a corrupt form of Absalom. For centuries, it was the custom among passersby—Jews, Christians and Muslims—to throw stones at the monument.
The original Mina: The original Tomb of Absalom, Kidron Valley, where passers by would throw stones. This tradition has been exported by Muslims to Mina in the Jamarat Valley.
Ritual worship: Millions of Muslims circulate the Kaaba during Hajj.
Idol worship within Islam -
Although Islam forbids idol worship (a remnant from advaita, also known as non-dualism), and very strictly so, Muslims worship the black stone in the Kaaba and perform rituals around it.
There is historic documentation quoting John of Damascus writings in the 730s A.D. that accused Muslims of worshiping the head of the Greek goddess Aphrodite [Asrarte, Goddess of war]. When Muslim slave raiders savaged the shores of Southern Europe they would persecute the natives, referring to them as ‘idol worshipers’. The Christians in response asked the Muslims why they were worshiping a black stone that was the head of Asrarte, the Aphrodite Goddess of war, as this constituted idol worship. Thus, we have actual historical references to the black stone in the Kaaba from 1,270 years ago, professing the to be the head of Asrarte. This is quite significant in the argument that Islam is a religion that came into being from loot, because one of the first raid ports the Muslims attacked in Southern Europe was Cyprus – which had a staunch following of Aphrodite. Cyprus had a temple dedicated in her honor where a black statue of Asrarte was installed and it is missing a head for the past many centuries.
We know that Muslims had reached Cyrus prior to the written testimony of John of Damascus in the 730 A.D.
After Richard the Lionheart defeated Guy de Lusignan at Jerusalem in 1187, the Christian forces of Europe were about to try and stop the rapid spread of Islam. This meant it had been ongoing for some time. Some of them traveled by sea and some went by land. Richard traveled by sea, but his flotilla was buried in storm. There remain several ship wrecks on the shore of Cyprus.
Other proof that Muslim adapted idol worship is in facts originating with the Quran itself. Some of the 360 idols that surrounded the inner sanctum walls of the Kaaba remained for centuries after most had been destroyed by Mohammed meaning he decided to keep a few of them that appealed to him. The last remaining idols got destroyed around 2012-2013 by Saudi Arabian King Abdullah, which was mentioned in a newspaper article during the renovation and new constructions in Mecca.
Parts of the Kaaba had then been ruined by floods during Mohammed’s age and Mohammed therefore reinstated the old temple. An argument took place as to whom would be allowed access to the confiscated temple. At the time the Kaaba contained 360 deities, including deities of the main planets, Hindu deities and from what appears to be looted Greek and Roman objects.
Before Muhammed was born, the local people worshiped the deity”al-Ilah” (‘Allah’ of today) who had three daughters named al-Lat (Hubal, the mesopotamian moon god), al-Uzza (also known as Isis by the Egyptians–or Aphrodite by the Greeks) and Manat (the Nabatean goddess of time). The first two were even named after their father. Each daughter had a separate shrine near Mecca, where Allah’s shrine was located.
It is confirmed from the Sirath and Hadiths that Islam was created during Ramadan. Since Islam was created during Ramadan, it indicates that some festivity was prevalent pre-Islam carrying the name Ramadan and served as some form of inspiration to create a new faith.
‘Allah’ is a perverted spelling of Aum: Muslim invaders didn’t know how to read or interpret Sanskrit. Most of them were illiterate and had no education at all. When they came across the AUM symbol and heard of it being very sacred (probably from their raids on Bakkah, the ancient name for Mecca, a religious, wealthy multicultural sacred city in medieval times) they wanted to take possession of it. Since Arabic is read from right-to-left the educated amongst them turned the symbol. If one reads the symbol of AUM in a mirror you will find the Devanagari (Sanskrit-Hindi) numerals 7-8-6. The numbers “786” are considered sacred in Islam and to contain the “secret” name of Allah. “786” is the total value of the letters of “Bismillah al-Rahman al-Rahim” [Rama].
c.250 bce Funerary inscription
* "AAM Roads of Arabia Funerary inscription EX2014.3" [https://archive.today/GhO9C]:
Funerary inscription in Old Arabic, late 1st millennium BCE. Saudi Arabia; Qaryat al-Faw site. Limestone. Courtesy of National Museum of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, 887.
* "Funerary slab from Saudia Arabia" [https://archive.today/oZMPO]:
This stone is a funerary slab written in the oldest known use of Arabic script (Southern Arabic) and dates to about the late 1st millennium BCE. The stone was found at the Qaryat al-Faw site in Saudi Arabia, the location of one of the most prosperous cities along the trade routes.
What makes it unusual is that the inscription asks for the help of several deities to guard against the desecration of the family grave.
This stone is part of the Roads of Arabia exhibit currently going on through January 18, 2015, at the Asian Art Museum in San Francisco. Roads of Arabia showcases the art, culture, languages, and religious influences that passed through the Saudi Arabian peninsula via the historic trade and pilgrimage routes, before Islam became the predominant religion.
"The Mysterious Face Stele from Tayma, Saudi Arabia" [https://archive.today/2ursx]:
This watchful eye stele hails from the ancient trading city of Tayma. Inscribed in Aramaic, the stone’s inscription reads, “In memory of Taym, the son of Zayd.”
Tayma is located in the NW corner of the Arabian Peninsula and dates to the 3rd millennium BCE. Located near a plentiful water supply and the incense trade route, Tayma was a well-known and prosperous trading city for thousands of years. Steles of this type were also common in the southern part of the Arabian peninsula, suggesting regular contact between these two trading areas.
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